Everything about The Xiagou Formation totally explained
The
Xiagou Formation is the middle unit of the Xinminpu Group. It is named for its type site in Xiagou, in the Changma Basin of
Gansu Province, northwestern China and is considered
Early Cretaceous in age. It is known outside the specialized world of Chinese
geology as the site of a
lagerstätte in which the fossils were preserved of
Gansus yumenensis, the earliest true modern bird. The laminated yellowish
mudstones of the Xiagou Formation are the lithified remnants of
varves that were laid down as extremely fine
silt settled to the bottom of a tranquil freshwater lake. The result was dense anoxic bottom sediment, where the lack of bacteria slowed the processes of decay, preserving uncompressed fossils in details that include feather impressions and remnants of the webbing between the bird's toes.
Other fossils from the Xiagou will permit detailed recreation of an Early Cretaceous lake ecology. There are fossils of abundant fish fauna,
Charophyta and
Ostracods.
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